Understanding Varicocele: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

admin | 7 August, 2025

Understanding Varicocele: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

By Peshawar Fertility & IVF Center

What is Varicocele?

Varicocele is a condition in which the veins within the scrotum (the pouch of skin that holds the testicles) become enlarged — similar to varicose veins in the legs. It is a common cause of male infertility, affecting approximately 15% of all men, and up to 40% of men facing fertility issues.

What Causes Varicocele?

Varicocele occurs when the valves inside the veins in the spermatic cord don’t work properly. This leads to blood pooling and vein enlargement, which can raise the temperature in the testicles and affect sperm production and function.

Key risk factors include:

• Abnormal vein valve function

• Increased pressure on the scrotal veins

• Hormonal imbalances

• Genetic predisposition

Common Symptoms of Varicocele

Many men with varicocele may not experience any symptoms. However, in some cases, signs may include:

• A dull ache or pain in the scrotum, especially after standing or physical activity

• Visible or enlarged veins (like a "bag of worms")

• Shrinking of the affected testicle (testicular atrophy)

• Difficulty conceiving a child

If you experience any of these symptoms or suspect fertility issues, it’s important to seek medical evaluation.

How Does Varicocele Affect Fertility?

Varicocele is one of the leading reversible causes of male infertility. It may:

• Reduce sperm quality and count

• Affect testosterone production

• Disrupt the temperature regulation in the testicles

• Cause oxidative stress, which damages sperm DNA

At Peshawar Fertility & IVF Center, we assess and treat varicocele as part of a complete male fertility workup.

Diagnosis of Varicocele

Varicocele is diagnosed through:

• Physical examination by a fertility specialist

• Scrotal ultrasound, which helps detect smaller or non-palpable varicoceles

• Semen analysis to evaluate sperm quality

Treatment Options for Varicocele

Treatment is not always required, especially if there are no symptoms or fertility issues. However, for those experiencing pain or infertility, options include:

1. Surgical Repair (Varicocelectomy)

• A minimally invasive procedure to block the enlarged veins

• Improves sperm quality and testosterone levels in many cases

• Typically done on an outpatient basis

2. Non-Surgical Options

• Embolization (a radiological procedure to block the vein)

• Hormonal support therapy in some cases

• IVF/ICSI for couples with persistent infertility

When Should You Seek Help?

You should consult a fertility specialist if:

• You’ve been trying to conceive for over a year without success

• You feel discomfort or heaviness in your scrotum

• You notice visible or enlarged veins in the scrotum

Why Choose Peshawar Fertility & IVF Center?

At Peshawar Fertility & IVF Center, our team is dedicated to comprehensive male and female fertility care. We offer:

• Expert urological evaluation

• Advanced fertility testing

• Minimally invasive surgical solutions

• Personalized IVF and ICSI treatment plans

📞 Book Your Consultation Today

If you suspect varicocele or are struggling with infertility, don’t wait.
📍 Visit us at Peshawar Fertility & IVF Center
  📲 DM us on Facebook/Instagram to schedule your appointment.